1859  (1863)  . . . a couple of Shouswap Indians . . . had come up the river in a rough "dug-out" wooden canoe, in search of us.
1938  (1950)  It is one of Charlie's dugout canoes . . . thirty feet long and is made, as are all dugouts in this country, from the trunk of a huge balsam poplar. After a careful selection of the tree the Indians fell it, and then start a slow fire inside. When the fire has partially hollowed out the trunk, the rest of the shaping and cleaning process is continued by axe and knife until there is a smooth, shapely interior. Wooden stretchers are wedged across the two ends and middle, and it is ready for use. If the boat is badly balanced, big stones are placed in its bottom.
1966  He [Rev. Thomas Crosby] . . . surveyed the whole area from Cape Mudge to Victoria and up the Fraser River to Yale in a dugout canoe.